Sunil Kumar @ Sunil Bhatti v. Bank of Baroda and Ors

CWP-15548-2016oo o o o o ooo o oooooo oooooo-1-o

INoTHEoHIGHoCOURToOFoPUNJABoANDoHARYANAo o o AToCHANDIGARHo o 113o o o o o o o CWP-15548-2016o o o o o o o o DateoofoDecision:o06.12.2023o o SuniloKumaro@oSuniloBhattio ooooooooooooooooooo o oo oooooooooooo,Petitionero Versuso BankoofoBarodaoandoOtherso o o o ooooooooo oooooooo...Respondentso CORAM:oooHON'BLEoMR.oJUSTICEoJAGMOHANoBANSALo Present:-oo Mr.oJasbiroSingh,oAdvocateoforotheopetitioneroo o Mr.oB.B.oBagga,oAdvocateoforotheorespondentsoo oo o ***o o JAGMOHANoBANSAL,oJ.o(Oral)o

1.k oo TheopetitionerothroughoinstantopetitionounderoArticleso226/227oofo theoConstitutionoofoIndiaoisoseekingosettingoasideoofoorderodatedo10.06.2016o (AnnexureoP-8)opassedobyorespondentoNo.2owherebyoclaimoofotheopetitionero foro regularizationo ofo serviceo haso beeno rejected.o Theo petitionero iso furthero seekingodirectionotootheorespondentsotooregularizeohisoservices.o

2.k oo Learnedocounseloforotheopetitionerosubmitsothatorespondent-banko engagedo theo petitionero ino December'o 2007o ono casual/temporaryo basis.o Theo petitionerocontinuedotooworkowithorespondent-bankotillo2015oandoino2016,otheo respondent-bankodiscontinuedoserviceoofotheopetitioner.oTheopetitioneromadeoao representationotootheorespondent-bankotooregularizeohisoserviceoandorespondento videoordero datedo 10.06.2016o (Annexureo P-8)o rejectedo representationo ofo theo petitioneroholdingothatothereoisonoopolicyounderowhichoaodailyowagerocanobeo regularizedoandothereowasonoocontractoofoemploymentobetweenopetitioneroando MOHIT KUMARrespondent-bank.oo CWP-15548-2016oo o o o o ooo o oooooo oooooo-2-o

3.k oo Theopetitionerohadoworkedowithorespondent-bankofromo2007otoo 2015oasodailyowageroandoinoviewoofojudgmentodatedo19.10.2023oopassedobyo Coordinateo Bencho ofo thiso Courto ino Ramo Rattano ando otherso v.o Stateo ofo Haryanao ando others,o CWP-34585-2019o aso wello aso judgmentso ofo Hon'bleo SupremeoCourtoinoRameshoKumarov.oStateoofoHaryana,o(2010)o2oSCCo543;o H.S.oRajashekaraov.oStateoBankoofoMysoreoandoanother,o(2012)o1oSCCo285,o theorespondent-bankowasoboundotooconsiderotheoclaimoofotheopetitioneroforo regularization.o Theo respondent-banko haso adoptedo unfairo tradeo practiceo byo discontinuingoserviceoofotheopetitioner.oo

4.k oo Learnedocounseloforotheorespondentsosubmitsothatopetitionerowaso neveroissuedoappointmentoletter.oHeowasoworkingoonodailyowagesobasis.oTheo bankohasoitsoownorulesoandoregulationsowithorespectotooappointmentoofoClass-IVoemployees.oTheopetitionerowasoneveroappointedofollowingotheoprescribedo procedure.oTheopetitionerowasonotoworkingoagainstoaoregularopost.oInoviewoofo judgmentoofoConstitutionoBenchoinoSecretary,oStateoofoKarnatakaoandootherso v.oUmaoDevioandoothers,o(2006)o4oSCCo1;oaothreeoJudgeoBenchojudgmentoofo Hon'bleo Supremeo Courto ino Officialo Liquidatoro v.o Dayanando ando others,o

(2008)o10oSCCo1,oaotwooJudgeoBenchojudgmentoofoHon'bleoSupremeoCourtoino UnionoofoIndiaoandoothersov.oVartakoLabouroUnion,o(2011)o4oSCCo200;oao twooJudgeoBenchojudgmentoofoHon'bleoSupremeoCourtoinoUnionoofoIndiaoando othersov.oAlloIndiaoTradeoUnionoCongressoandoothers,o(2019)o5oSCCo773;oao DivisionoBenchojudgmentodatedo04.07.2022oofothisoCourtoinoLokeshoRanaoando anotherov.oUnionoofoIndiaoandoothers,oLPAoNo.513oofo2022,otheopetitionero cannotoclaimoabsorptionoorocontinuationoororegularizationoofoserviceo CWP-15548-2016oo o o o o ooo o oooooo oooooo-3-o

5.k oo Iohaveoheardotheoargumentsoofolearnedocounselsoforotheopartiesoando perusedotheorecordowithotheiroableoassistance.o

6.k oo Theo concededo positiono emergingo fromo theo recordoiso thatosinceo 2016otheopetitioneroisonotoworkingowithotheorespondentobank.oTheopetitionero wasoengagedobyorespondentobankoino2007oandoheoworkedotillo2015,ohowever,o heowasoneitheroissuedoanoappointmentoletteronorowasoheoappointedoagainstoao permanent/regularo post.o Theo petitionero waso nevero paido salaryo payableo too ao regularoemployee.oo

7.k oo AoConstitutionoBenchoinoUmaoDevio(supra),ohasoadvertedowitho questionooforegularizationoofotemporary/partotime/adhocoemployees.oTheoCourto haso deprecatedo practiceo ofo employingo temporary/parto timeo oro contractualo employeeso thougho Courto haso heldo thato ino exigency,o Stateo cano makeo appointmento ono contracto basis.o Theo Courto haso heldo thato regularizationo ofo contractualooropartotimeoemployeesowouldoamountotoolegalizationoofobackodooro entry.oTheoregularizationoofopartotimeoemployeesoisoviolativeoofoArticleso14,o16o &o309oofoConstitutionoofoIndia.oTheoemployeesowhooareoworkingoonodailyo wagesocannotoclaimodiscriminationoonotheogroundothatotheyohaveobeenopaido lessero thano regularlyo recruitedo employees.o Theo Higho Courto shouldo noto ordinarilyoissueodirectionsoforoabsorption,oregularizationoorocontinuanceounlesso theorecruitmentoitselfowasoregularoandoinotermsoofotheoconstitutionaloscheme.o HighoCourtoisonotojustifiedoinoissuingointerimoordersoinosuchocases.oThereoisonoo fundamentaloorovestedorightoinothoseowhoohaveobeenoemployedoonodailyowageso orotemporaryoorocontractualotooclaimothatotheyohaveoaorightotoobeoabsorbedoino service.oTheorelevantoextractsoofotheojudgmentoreadoas:o CWP-15548-2016oo o o o o ooo o oooooo oooooo-4-o

"43.ooo oThus,oitoisoclearothatoadherenceotootheoruleoofoequalityoino publicoemploymentoisoaobasicofeatureoofoouroConstitutionoando sinceotheoruleoofolawoisotheocoreoofoouroConstitution,oaocourto wouldocertainlyobeodisabledofromopassingoanoorderoupholdingoao violationoofoArticleo14ooroinoorderingotheooverlookingoofotheo needotoocomplyowithotheorequirementsoofoArticleo14oreadowitho Articleo16oofotheoConstitution.oTherefore,oconsistentowithotheo schemeoforopublicoemployment,othisoCourtowhileolayingodowno theolaw,ohasonecessarilyotooholdothatounlessotheoappointmentoiso inotermsoofotheorelevantorulesoandoafteroaoproperocompetitiono amongoqualifiedopersons,otheosameowouldonotoconferoanyorighto ono theo appointee.o Ifo ito iso ao contractualo appointment,o theo appointmentocomesotooanoendoatotheoendoofotheocontract,oifoito wereoanoengagementooroappointmentoonodailyowagesoorocasualo basis,otheosameowouldocomeotooanoendowhenoitoisodiscontinued.o Similarly,oaotemporaryoemployeeocouldonotoclaimotoobeomadeo permanentoonotheoexpiryoofohisotermoofoappointment.oItohasoalsoo toobeoclarifiedothatomerelyobecauseoaotemporaryoemployeeooroao casualowageoworkeroisocontinuedoforoaotimeobeyondotheotermoofo hisoappointment,oheowouldonotobeoentitledotoobeoabsorbedoino regularoserviceooromadeopermanent,omerelyoonotheostrengthoofo suchocontinuance,oifotheooriginaloappointmentowasonotomadeobyo followingo ao dueo processo ofo selectiono aso envisagedo byo theo relevantorules.oItoisonotoopenotootheocourtotoopreventoregularo recruitmento ato theo instanceo ofo temporaryo employeeso whoseo periodo ofo employmento haso comeo too ano endo oro ofo ado hoco employeesowhoobyotheoveryonatureoofotheiroappointment,odoonoto acquireoanyoright.oTheoHighoCourtsoactingounderoArticleo226oofo theo Constitution,o shouldo noto ordinarilyo issueo directionso foro absorption,o regularisation,o oro permanento continuanceo unlesso theorecruitmentoitselfowasomadeoregularlyoandoinotermsoofotheo constitutionalo scheme.o Merelyo becauseo ano employeeo hado continuedounderocoveroofoanoorderoofotheocourt,owhichoweohaveo describedoaso"litigiousoemployment"oinotheoearlieropartoofotheo judgment,oheowouldonotobeoentitledotooanyorightotoobeoabsorbedo oromadeopermanentoinotheoservice.oInofact,oinosuchocases,otheo HighoCourtomayonotobeojustifiedoinoissuingointerimodirections,o CWP-15548-2016oo o o o o ooo o oooooo oooooo-5-o

since,o aftero all,o ifo ultimatelyo theo employeeo approachingo ito iso foundoentitledotoorelief,oitomayobeopossibleoforoitotoomouldotheo reliefo ino sucho ao mannero thato ultimatelyo noo prejudiceo willo beo causedo too him,o whereaso ano interimo directiono too continueo hiso employmentowouldoholdoupotheoregularoprocedureoforoselectiono oroimposeoonotheoStateotheoburdenoofopayingoanoemployeeowhoo isoreallyonotorequired.oTheocourtsomustobeocarefuloinoensuringo thato theyo doo noto interfereo undulyo witho theo economico arrangementoofoitsoaffairsobyotheoStateooroitsoinstrumentalitieso orolendothemselvesotheoinstrumentsotoofacilitateotheobypassingoofo theoconstitutionaloandostatutoryomandates.o

44.ooo Theoconceptoofo"equalopayoforoequalowork"oisodifferento fromotheoconceptoofoconferringopermanencyoonothoseowhoohaveo beenoappointedoonoadohocobasis,otemporaryobasis,oorobasedoono nooprocessoofoselectionoasoenvisagedobyotheorules.oThisoCourto hasoinovariousodecisionsoappliedotheoprincipleoofoequalopayoforo equalo worko ando haso laido downo theo parameterso foro theo applicationoofothatoprinciple.oTheodecisionsoareorestedoonotheo conceptoofoequalityoenshrinedoinoouroConstitutionoinotheolightoofo theodirectiveoprinciplesoinothatobehalf.oButotheoacceptanceoofo thatoprincipleocannotoleadotooaopositionowhereotheocourtocouldo directo thato appointmentso madeo withouto followingo theo dueo procedureoestablishedobyolaw,obeodeemedopermanentooroissueo directionso too treato themo aso permanent.o Doingo so,o wouldo beo negationoofotheoprincipleoofoequalityoofoopportunity.oTheopowero toomakeoanoorderoasoisonecessaryoforodoingocompleteojusticeoino anyo causeo oro mattero pendingo beforeo thiso Court,o wouldo noto normallyo beo usedo foro givingo theo go-byo too theo procedureo establishedobyolawoinotheomatteroofopublicoemployment.oTakeotheo situationo arisingo ino theo caseso beforeo uso fromo theo Stateo ofo Karnataka.o Therein,o afteroDharwado decisiono[(1990)o 2o SCCo 396o:o1990oSCCo(L&S)o274o:o(1990)o12oATCo902o:o(1990)o1o SCRo544]otheoGovernmentohadoissuedorepeatedodirectionsoando mandatoryoordersothatonootemporaryooroadohocoemploymentooro engagementobeogiven.oSomeoofotheoauthoritiesoandodepartmentso hadoignoredothoseodirectionsoorodefiedothoseodirectionsoandohado MOHIT KUMAR continuedotoogiveoemployment,ospecificallyointerdictedobyotheo CWP-15548-2016oo o o o o ooo o oooooo oooooo-6-o

ordersoissuedobyotheoexecutive.oSomeoofotheoappointingoofficerso haveoevenobeenopunishedoforotheirodefiance.oItowouldonotobeojusto oroproperotoopassoano orderoinoexerciseoofojurisdictionoundero Articleo226ooro32oofotheoConstitutionooroinoexerciseoofopowero underoArticleo142oofotheoConstitutionopermittingothoseopersonso engaged,otoobeoabsorbedoorotoobeomadeopermanent,obasedoono theiroappointmentsooroengagements.oCompleteojusticeowouldobeo justiceoaccordingotoolawoandothoughoitowouldobeoopenotoothiso Courtotoomouldotheorelief,othisoCourtowouldonotograntoaoreliefo whichowouldoamountotooperpetuatingoanoillegality.o

45.ooo Whileodirectingothatoappointments,otemporaryoorocasual,o beoregularisedooromadeopermanent,otheocourtsoareoswayedobyo theofactothatotheopersonoconcernedohasoworkedoforosomeotimeo andoinosomeocasesoforoaoconsiderableolengthoofotime.oItoisonotoaso ifotheopersonowhooacceptsoanoengagementoeitherotemporaryooro casualoinonature,oisonotoawareoofotheonatureoofohisoemployment.o Heoacceptsotheoemploymentowithoopenoeyes.oItomayobeotrueothato heoisonotoinoaopositionotoobargain—notoatoarm'solength—sinceo heomightohaveobeenosearchingoforosomeoemploymentosooasotoo ekeooutohisolivelihoodoandoacceptsowhateveroheogets.oButoonothato groundo alone,o ito wouldo noto beo appropriateo too jettisono theo constitutionaloschemeoofoappointmentoandotootakeotheoviewothato aopersonowhoohasotemporarilyoorocasuallyogotoemployedoshouldo beodirectedotoobeocontinuedopermanently.oByodoingoso,oitowillobeo creatingo anothero modeo ofo publico appointmento whicho iso noto permissible.oIfotheocourtowereotoovoidoaocontractualoemploymento ofothisonatureoonotheogroundothatotheopartiesowereonotohavingo equalobargainingopower,othatotooowouldonotoenableotheocourtotoo granto anyo reliefo too thato employee.o Ao totalo embargoo ono sucho casualo oro temporaryo employmento iso noto possible,o giveno theo exigenciesoofoadministrationoandoifoimposed,owouldoonlyomeano thato someo peopleo whoo ato leasto geto employmento temporarily,o contractuallyo oro casually,o wouldo noto beo gettingo eveno thato employmentowhenosecuringoofosuchoemploymentobringsoatoleasto someosuccourotoothem.oAfteroall,oinnumerableocitizensoofoouro vasto countryo areo ino searcho ofo employmento ando oneo iso noto MOHIT KUMAR compelledotooacceptoaocasualoorotemporaryoemploymentoifooneo CWP-15548-2016oo o o o o ooo o oooooo oooooo-7-o

isonotoinclinedotoogooinoforosuchoanoemployment.oItoisoinothato contexto thato oneo haso too proceedo ono theo basiso thato theo employmentowasoacceptedofullyoknowingotheonatureoofoitoandotheo consequenceso flowingo fromo it.o Ino othero words,o eveno whileo acceptingo theo employment,o theo persono concernedo knowso theo natureoofohisoemployment.oItoisonotoanoappointmentotooaopostoino theorealosenseoofotheoterm.oTheoclaimoacquiredobyohimoinotheo postoinowhichoheoisotemporarilyoemployedoorotheointerestoinothato posto cannoto beo consideredo too beo ofo sucho ao magnitudeo aso too enableotheogivingoupoofotheoprocedureoestablished,oforomakingo regularoappointmentsotooavailableopostsoinotheoservicesoofotheo State.oTheoargumentothatosinceooneohasobeenoworkingoforosomeo timeoinotheopost,oitowillonotobeojustotoodiscontinueohim,oeveno thoughoheowasoawareoofotheonatureoofotheoemploymentowhenoheo firstotookoitoup,oisonotooneothatowouldoenableotheojettisoningoofo theoprocedureoestablishedobyolawoforopublicoemploymentoando wouldo haveo too failo wheno testedo ono theo touchstoneo ofo constitutionalityo ando equalityo ofo opportunityo enshrinedo ino Articleo14oofotheoConstitution.o

46.ooo Learnedo Senioro Counselo foro someo ofo theo respondentso arguedo thato ono theo basiso ofo theo doctrineo ofo legitimateo expectation,otheoemployees,oespeciallyoofotheoCommercialoTaxeso Department,o shouldo beo directedo too beo regularisedo sinceo theo decisionsoinoDharwado[(1990)o2oSCCo396o:o1990oSCCo(L&S)o 274o :o (1990)o 12o ATCo 902o :o (1990)o 1o SCRo 544]o ,oPiarao Singho[(1992)o4oSCCo118o:o1992oSCCo(L&S)o825o:o(1992)o21o ATCo 403o :o (1992)o 3o SCRo 826]o ,oJacobo[Jacobo M.o Puthuparambilov.oKeralaoWateroAuthority,o(1991)o1oSCCo28o:o 1991o SCCo (L&S)o 25o :o (1991)o 15o ATCo 697]o andoGujarato Agriculturalo Universityo[Gujarato Agriculturalo Universityov.oRathodoLabhuoBechar,o(2001)o3oSCCo574o:o2001o SCCo(L&S)o613]oandotheolike,ohaveogivenoriseotooanoexpectationo ino themo thato theiro serviceso wouldo alsoo beo regularised.o Theo doctrineocanobeoinvokedoifotheodecisionsoofotheoadministrativeo authorityoaffectotheopersonobyodeprivingohimoofosomeobenefitooro advantageowhichoeithero(i)oheohadoinotheopastobeenopermittedobyo MOHIT KUMAR theo decision-makero too enjoyo ando whicho heo cano legitimatelyo CWP-15548-2016oo o o o o ooo o oooooo oooooo-8-o

expectotoobeopermittedotoocontinueotoodoountilothereohaveobeeno communicatedotoohimosomeorationalogroundsoforowithdrawingoito onowhichoheohasobeenogivenoanoopportunityotoocomment;ooro(ii)o heohasoreceivedoassuranceofromotheodecision-makerothatotheyo willonotobeowithdrawnowithoutogivingohimofirstoanoopportunityoofo advancingo reasonso foro contendingo thato theyo shouldo noto beo withdrawn.o [Seeo Lordo Diplocko inoCouncilo foro Civilo Serviceso Unionov.oMinisteroofoCiviloServiceo[1985oACo374o:o(1984)o3oAllo ERo 935o :o (1984)o 3o WLRo 1174o (HL)]o ,oNationalo Buildingso Constructiono Corpn.ov.oS.o Raghunathano[(1998)o 7o SCCo 66o :o 1998oSCCo(L&S)o1770]oandoChanchaloGoyalo(Dr.)ov.oStateoofo Rajasthano[(2003)o3oSCCo485o:o2003oSCCo(L&S)o322]o.]oThereo isonoocaseothatoanyoassuranceowasogivenobyotheoGovernmentooro theo departmento concernedo whileo makingo theo appointmento ono dailyo wageso thato theo statuso conferredo ono himo willo noto beo withdrawnountilosomeorationaloreasonocomesointooexistenceoforo withdrawingo it.o Theo veryo engagemento waso againsto theo constitutionalo scheme.o Though,o theo Commissionero ofo theo CommercialoTaxesoDepartmentosoughtotoogetotheoappointmentso madeo permanent,o thereo iso noo caseo thato ato theo timeo ofo appointmentoanyopromiseowasoheldoout.oNoosuchopromiseocouldo alsoohaveobeenoheldooutoinoviewoofotheocircularsoandodirectiveso issuedo byo theo Governmento afteroDharwado decisiono[(1990)o 2o SCCo396o:o1990oSCCo(L&S)o274o:o(1990)o12oATCo902o:o(1990)o 1oSCRo544]o.oThough,othereoisoaocaseothatotheoStateohadomadeo regularisationsoinotheopastoofosimilarlyosituatedoemployees,otheo factoremainsothatosuchoregularisationsowereodoneoonlyopursuanto toojudicialodirections,oeitheroofotheoAdministrativeoTribunalooro ofotheoHighoCourtoandoinosomeocasesobyothisoCourt.oMoreover,o theoinvocationoofotheodoctrineoofolegitimateoexpectationocannoto enableo theo employeeso too claimo thato theyo musto beo madeo permanentoorotheyomustobeoregularisedoinotheoserviceothougho theyo hado noto beeno selectedo ino termso ofo theo ruleso foro appointment.o Theo facto thato ino certaino caseso theo courto hado directedo regularisationo ofo theo employeeso involvedo ino thoseo caseso cannoto beo madeo useo ofo too foundo ao claimo basedo ono legitimateo expectation.o Theo argumento ifo acceptedo wouldo alsoo CWP-15548-2016oo o o o o ooo o oooooo oooooo-9-o

runocounterotootheoconstitutionalomandate.oTheoargumentoinothato behalfohasothereforeotoobeorejected.o

47.ooo Whenoaopersonoentersoaotemporaryoemploymentoorogetso engagemento aso ao contractualo oro casualo workero ando theo engagementoisonotobasedoonoaoproperoselectionoasorecognisedo byo theo relevanto ruleso oro procedure,o heo iso awareo ofo theo consequencesoofotheoappointmentobeingotemporary,ocasualooro contractualoinonature.oSuchoaopersonocannotoinvokeotheotheoryo ofolegitimateoexpectationoforobeingoconfirmedoinotheopostowheno anoappointmentotootheopostocouldobeomadeoonlyobyofollowingoao propero procedureo foro selectiono ando ino caseso concerned,o ino consultationo witho theo Publico Serviceo Commission.o Therefore,o theo theoryo ofo legitimateo expectationo cannoto beo successfullyo advancedo byo temporary,o contractualo oro casualo employees.o Ito cannotoalsoobeoheldothatotheoStateohasoheldooutoanyopromiseo whileo engagingo theseo personso eithero too continueo themo whereo theyo areo oro too makeo themo permanent.o Theo Stateo cannoto constitutionallyomakeosuchoaopromise.oItoisoalsooobviousothatotheo theoryocannotobeoinvokedotooseekoaopositiveoreliefoofobeingomadeo permanentoinotheopost.o

48.ooo Itowasothenocontendedothatotheorightsoofotheoemployeeso thusoappointed,ounderoArticleso14oando16oofotheoConstitution,o areo violated.o Ito iso statedo thato theo Stateo haso treatedo theo employeesounfairlyobyoemployingothemoonolessothanominimumo wagesoandoextractingoworkofromothemoforoaoprettyolongoperiodo ino comparisono witho thoseo directlyo recruitedo whoo areo gettingo moreowagesoorosalariesoforodoingosimilarowork.oTheoemployeeso beforeo uso wereo engagedo ono dailyo wageso ino theo departmento concernedoonoaowageothatowasomadeoknownotoothem.oThereoiso noocaseothatotheowageoagreedouponowasonotobeingopaid.oThoseo whooareoworkingoonodailyowagesoformedoaoclassobyothemselves,o theyocannotoclaimothatotheyoareodiscriminatedoasoagainstothoseo whoohaveobeenoregularlyorecruitedoonotheobasisoofotheorelevanto rules.o Noo righto cano beo foundedo ono ano employmento ono dailyo wagesotooclaimothatosuchoemployeeoshouldobeotreatedoonoaoparo withoaoregularlyorecruitedocandidate,oandomadeopermanentoino CWP-15548-2016oo o o o o ooo o oooooo oooooo-10-o

employment,oevenoassumingothatotheoprincipleocouldobeoinvokedo foro claimingo equalo wageso foro equalo work.o Thereo iso noo fundamentalorightoinothoseowhoohaveobeenoemployedoonodailyo wageso oro temporarilyo oro ono contractualo basis,o too claimo thato theyohaveoaorightotoobeoabsorbedoinoservice.oAsohasobeenoheldobyo thisoCourt,otheyocannotobeosaidotoobeoholdersoofoaopost,osince,oao regularo appointmento couldo beo madeo onlyo byo makingo appointmentsoconsistentowithotheorequirementsoofoArticleso14o ando16oofotheoConstitution.oTheorightotoobeotreatedoequallyowitho theo othero employeeso employedo ono dailyo wages,o cannoto beo extendedotooaoclaimoforoequalotreatmentowithothoseowhoowereo regularlyoemployed.oThatowouldobeotreatingounequalsoasoequals.o Itocannotoalsoobeoreliedoonotooclaimoaorightotoobeoabsorbedoino serviceoevenothoughotheyohaveoneverobeenoselectedoinotermsoofo theorelevantorecruitmentorules.oTheoargumentsobasedoonoArticleso 14oando16oofotheoConstitutionoareothereforeooverruled.o

49.oo ItoisocontendedothatotheoStateoactionoinonotoregularisingo theoemployeesowasonotofairowithinotheoframeworkoofotheoruleoofo law.oTheoruleoofolawocompelsotheoStateotoomakeoappointmentsoaso envisagedo byo theo Constitutiono ando ino theo mannero weo haveo indicatedo earlier.o Ino mosto ofo theseo cases,o noo doubt,o theo employeesohadoworkedoforosomeolengthoofotimeobutothisohasoalsoo beenobroughtoaboutobyotheopendencyoofoproceedingsoinotribunalso andocourtsoinitiatedoatotheoinstanceoofotheoemployees.oMoreover,o acceptingoanoargumentoofothisonatureowouldomeanothatotheoStateo wouldobeopermittedotooperpetuateoanoillegalityoinotheomatteroofo publico employmento ando thato wouldo beo ao negationo ofo theo constitutionaloschemeoadoptedobyous,otheopeopleoofoIndia.oItoiso thereforeonotopossibleotooacceptotheoargumentothatothereomusto beoaodirectionotoomakeopermanentoallotheopersonsoemployedoono dailyowages.oWhenotheocourtoisoapproachedofororeliefobyowayoofo aowrit,otheocourtohasonecessarilyotooaskoitselfowhetherotheopersono beforeoitohadoanyolegalorightotoobeoenforced.oConsideredoinotheo lightoofotheoveryoclearoconstitutionaloscheme,oitocannotobeosaido thatotheoemployeesohaveobeenoableotooestablishoaolegalorightotoo beo madeo permanento eveno thougho theyo haveo nevero beeno CWP-15548-2016oo o o o o ooo o oooooo oooooo-11-o

appointedo ino termso ofo theo relevanto ruleso oro ino adherenceo ofo Articleso14oando16oofotheoConstitution."o

8.k ooo Ao threeo Judgeo Bencho ofo Hon'bleo Supremeo Courto ino Officialo Liquidatoro(supra)ohasoreiteratedoopinionoofoConstitutionoBenchoinoUmaoDevio (supra).oo

9.k oo AoDivisionoBenchoofothisoCourtoinoLokeshoRanao(supra)ohasoheldo thatoaocontractualoemployeeohasonoorightotoogetohisocontractorenewedowhicho wasoforoaolimitedoperiod.ooo

10.k oo AotwooJudgeoBenchoofoHon'bleoSupremeoCourtoinoVartakoLabouro Uniono(supra)ohasorejectedoclaimooforegularizationoofocontractualoemployeeso whoohadoworkedoforomoreothano30oyearsowithoBorderoRoadsoOrganization.oo

11.k oo Ao twoo Judgeo Bencho ofo Hon'bleo Supremeo Courto ino Allo Indiao TradeoUnionoCongressoandootherso(supra),ofollowingoVartakoLabouroUniono (supra)ohasoheldothatonoocontractualoemployeeocanoclaimoregularization.oHigho Courtsocannotodirectoauthoritiesotooframeopolicyoandoregularizeotheocontractualo employees.o

12.k oo AoDivisionoBenchoofothisoCourtovideojudgmentodatedo31.05.2018o ino Yogesho Tyagio ando anothero v.o Stateo ofo Haryanao ando others,o CWPo No.17206oofo2014,osetoasideopolicyooforegularizationomadeobyotheoState.oTheo Courtohasosetoasideopolicyoonotheogroundothatoregularizationoofocontractualo employeesowhoohaveobeenoappointedowithoutofollowingoprescribedoprocedureo amountsotoobackodooroentryoandoitoamountsotooviolationoofoArticleso14,o16o&o 309oofoConstitutionoofoIndia.o CWP-15548-2016oo o o o o ooo o oooooo oooooo-12-o

13.k oo TheopetitioneroisorelyingouponojudgmentoofothisoCourtoinoRamo Rattanoandootherso(supra)oandojudgmentoofoHon'bleoSupremeoCourtoinoRamesho Kumaro(supra)oandoH.S.oRajashekarao(supra).oTheoaforesaidojudgmentsohaveo beeno deliveredo ino theo factso ando circumstanceso involvedo therein.o Hon'bleo Supremeo Courto haso laido downo lawo witho respecto too regularizationo ofo temporary/parto time/contractualo workerso ino Umao Devio (supra),o Officialo Liquidatoro (supra),o Hargurpratapo Singho (supra),o Vartako Labouro Uniono (supra),oAlloIndiaoTradeoUnionoCongressoandootherso(supra).o

14.k o InotheowakeoofojudgmentoofoHon'bleoSupremeoCourtoinoUmaoDevio (supra)oandoOfficialoLiquidatoro(supra),othisoCourtofindsothatotheopetitionerohaso neithero legalo noro vestedo noro fundamentalo righto too claimo regularizationo oro absorption.o Thiso Courto cannoto asko theo respondento banko too regularizeo theo serviceoofotheopetitioner.o

15.k oo Inoviewoofoaboveodiscussionsoandofindings,othisoCourtoisoofotheo consideredoopinionothatotheopresentopetition,obeingobereftoofomerits,odeservesotoo beodismissedoandoaccordinglyodismissed.o

16.k oo Ito iso madeo clearo thato dismissalo ofo presento petitiono wouldo noto inhibitotheorespondentobankotooavailoserviceoofotheopetitioneroatoaosubsequento stage.o o (JAGMOHANoBANSAL)o ooo o o o o o o o o ooooooJUDGEoo

06.12.2023o MohitoKumaro Whetherospeaking/reasonedo Yes/Noo Whetheroreportableo Yes/Noo o