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Factories Act, 1948 · Chapter XI: Supplemental

Section 120: Repeal and savings

The Factories Act, 1948 was repealed and replaced by the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 from 21 November 2025. It still applies to matters and proceedings from before that date, as the repealing law provides.

The enactments set out in the Table appended to this section are hereby repealed:

Provided that anything done under the said enactments which could have been done under this Act if it had then been in force shall be deemed to have been done under this Act. TABLE.—[Enactments repealed.] Rep. by the Repealing and Amending Act, 1950 (35 of 1950), s. 2 and the First Schedule (w.e.f. 10-4-1950.)

[THE FIRST SCHEDULE] [See section 2 (cb)] LIST OF INDUSTRIES INVOLVING HAZARDOUS PROCESSES 1. Ferrous Metallurgical industries —Integrated Iron and Steel —Ferrow-alloys —Special Steels 2. Non-ferrous Metallurgical Industries —Primary Metallurgical Industries, namely, size, lead, copper, manganese and aluminium 3. Foundries (ferrous and non-ferrous) —Castings and forgings including cleaning or smoothening/roughening by sand and shot blasting 4. Coal (including coke) industries —Coal Lignite, coke, etc. —Fuel Gases (including Coal Gas, Producer Gas, Water Gas) 5. Power Generating Industries 6. Pulp and paper (including paper products) industries 7. Fertiliser Industries —Nitrogenous —Phosphatic —Mixed 8. Cement Industries —Portland Cement (including slag cement, puzzolona cement and their products) 9. Petroleum industries —Oil Refining —Lubricating Oils and Greases 10. Petro-chemical Industries 11. Drugs and Pharmaceutical Industries —Narcotics, Drugs and Pharmaceutical 12. Fermentation Industries (Distilleries and Breweries) 13. Rubber (Synthetic Industries) 14. Paints and Pigment Industries 15. Leather Tanning Industries 16. Electroplating Industries

17. Chemical Industries —Coke Oven By-products and Coal tar Distillation products —Industrial Gases (nitrogen, oxygen, acetylene, argon, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, sulphur dioxide, nitrous oxide halogenated hydrocarbon, ozone, etc.) —Industrial Carbon —Alkalies and Acids —Chromates and dichromates —Leads and its compounds —Electro chemicals (metallic sodium, potassium and magnesium, chlorates, perchlorates and peroxides) —Electro thermal produces (artificial abrasive, calcium carbide) —Nitrogenous compounds (cyanides, cyanamides, and other nitrogenous compounds) —Phosphorous and its compounds —Halogens and Halogenated compounds (Chlorine, Fluorine, Bromine and Iodine) —Explosives (including industrial explosives and detonators and fuses) 18. Insecticides, Fungicides, Herbicides and other Pesticides Industries 19. Synthetic Resin and Plastics 20. Man-made Fiber (Cellulosic and non-cellulosic) industry 21. Manufacture and repair of electrical accumulators 22. Glass and Ceramics 23. Grinding or glazing of metals 24. Manufacture, handling and processing of asbestos and its products 25. Extraction of oils and fats from vegetable and animal sources 26. Manufacture, handling and use of benzene and substances containing benzene 27. Manufacturing processes and operations involving carbon disulphide 28. Dyes and Dyestuff including their intermediates 29. Highly flammable liquids and gases.

*THE SECOND SCHEDULE (See section 41 F) PERMISSIBLE LEVELS OF CERTAIN CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES IN WORK ENVIRONMENT Substance Permissible limits of exposure Time-weighted average concentration (8 hrs) Short-term exposure limit (15 min) ppm Mg/m3 ppm Mg/m3 Acetaldehyde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Acetic acid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Acetone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1780 1000 2375 Acrelein. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.25 0.3 0.8 Acrylonitrile—skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4.5 . . . . Aldrin-skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.25 . . 0.75 Allychloride. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ammonia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.25

Aniline-Skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Anisidine (o., Pisoners)—skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.5 . . . . Arsenic and compounds (as As) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 . . . . Benzene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Beryllium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.20 . . . . Boron trifluoride. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.3 . . . . Bromine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.7 0.3

Butane. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1900 . . . . 2-Butanone (Methyl-ethyl Ketone-MEK) . . . . . . . . . .

n-Butyl acetate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

n-Butyle alcohol-Skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C50 C150 . . . . sec/tert. Butyl acetate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1190 Butyl Mercaptan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 1.5 . . . . Cadmium-Dusts and salts (as Cd) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05 . . 0.2 Calcium oxide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . Carbaryl (Sevin) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. .

Carbofuran (Furadan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 . . . . Carbon disulphide—Skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . .

ppm Mg/m3 ppm Mg/m3 Carbon monoxide) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Carbon to trachloride—skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m5

Carbonyl Chloride (Phosgene). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.4 .. .. Chlorobenzene (Monochloro-benzene). . . . . . . . . .

. . . . Chlordane-skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 . . . . Chlorine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chloroform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Bis-Chloromethyl ether . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.001 0.005 . . . . Chromic acid and chromates (as Cr) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05 . . . . Chromous Salts (as Cr). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05 . . . . Copper fume. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 . . . . Cotton dust, raw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 . . 0.6 Crosol, all isomers—skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . Cyanides (as CN)—skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . Cyanogen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . DDT (Dichlorodiphenyl Trichloroethane) . . . . . . . . . . . .

. .

demeton-skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.01 0.1 0.03 0.3 Diazinon-skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 . . 0.3 Dibutyl Phythalate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. .

Dichlorvos (DDVP)—skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1

0.3

Dieldrin—skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.25 . . 0.75 Dinitrobenzene (all isomers)—skin . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15

0.5

Dinitrotolune-skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 . .

Diphenyl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 1.5 0.6

Endosulfan (Thiodan)—skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 . . 0.4 Endrin—skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 . . 0.3 Ethyl acetate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1400 . . . . Ethyl alcohol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1000 1900 . . . . Ethylamine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . Fluorides (as F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 . . . . Fluorine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Formic Acid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . Hydrazine—skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.1 . . . . Hydrogen Chloride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C5 C7 . . . .

ppm Mg/m3 ppm Mg/m3 Hydrogen Cyanide—skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C10 C10 . . . . Hydrogen fluoride (as F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.5

Hydrogen Peroxide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.5

Hydrogen Sulphide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iodine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C0.1 C1 . . . . Iron-Oxide Fume (Fez O3) (as Fe) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. .

Isoamyl acetate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Isoamyl alcohol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Isobutyl alcohal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lead, inorg, dusts and fumes (as Pb) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.15 . . 0.45 Lindane-skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 . . 1.5 Malathion-skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . Manganese (as Mn) dust and compounds. . . . . . . . . . . . C05 . . . . Fume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . 0.3 Mercury (as Hg)—skin Alkyl compounds. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.01 . . 0.03 All forms except alkyl vapour. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05 . . . . Aryl and inorganic compounds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 . . . . Methyl alcohol (methanol)—skin. . . . . . . . . . . . .

Methyl cellosolve—skin (2 methoxy ethanol) . . . . . . . .

. . . . Methyl isobutyl ketone—skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Methyl Isocyanate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.02 0.05 . . . . Napthalene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nickel carbonyl (as Ni) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05 0.35 . . . . Nitric acid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nitric oxide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nitrobenzene—skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nitrogen dioxide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Oil mist, minerals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. .

Oxone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 Parathion—skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 . . 0.3 Phenol—skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Phorate (Thimet)—skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05 . . 0.2 Phosgene (Carbonyl Chloride) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 0.4 . . . . Phosphine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.4

ppm Mg/m3 ppm Mg/m3 Phosphorus (yellow) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 . . 0.3 Phosphorus pentachloride. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1

. . . . Phosphorus trichloride. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 1.5 0.5

Picric acid—skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1 . . 0.3 Pyridine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Silane (silicon tetrahydride) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . Sodium hydroxide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C2 . . . . Styrene, monomer (phanylethylene) . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sulphur dioxide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sulphur hexafluoride. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1000 6000 1250 7500 Sulphuric acid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . Toluene (Toluol) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-Toluidinz—skin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . Tributyl phosphate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 2.5 0.4

Trichloroethylene. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1080 Uranium, natural (as U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 . . 0.5 Vinyl chloride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . Welding fumes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . Xylene (o-, m-, P-isomers) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Zirconium compounds (as Zr) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. .

C denotes ceiling limit *Not more than 4 times a day with at least 60 min. interval between successive exposures. Substance Permissible (8 hours) time-weighted average concentration

(i) Silica

(a) Crystalline

(b) Quartz

(1) In term of dusts count 10600 mppcm % Quartz+10

Substance Permissible (8 hours) time-weighted average concentration

(2) In terms of respirable dust

(3) In terms of total dust

mg/m3 % respirable quartz+2

mg/m3 % Quartz+3

(ii) Cristobalite Half the limits given against quartz.

(iii) Tridymite Half the limits given against quartz.

(iv) Silca, fused Same limits as for quartz.

(v) (a) Tripoli Same limit as in formula in item 2 given against quartz.

(b) Amorphous 705 mppcm.] ___________ [THE THIRD SCHEDULE] (See sections 89 and 90) LIST OF NOTIFIABLE DISEASES 1. Lead poisoning, including poisoning by any preparation or compound of lead or their sequelae. 2. Lead tetra-ethyle poisoning. 3. Phosphorus poisoning or its sequelae. 4. Mercury poisoning or its sequelae. 5. Manganese poisoning or its sequelae. 6. Arsenic poisoning or its sequelae. 7. Poisoning by nitrous fumes. 8. Carbon bisulphide poisoning. 9. Benzene poisoning, including poisoning by any of its homologues, their nitro or amido derivatives or its sequelae. 10. Chrome ulceration or its sequelae. 11. Anthrax. 12. Silicosis. 13. Poisoning by halogens or halogen derivatives of the hydrocarbons of the aliphatic series. 14. Pathological manifestations due to—

(a) radium or other radio-active substances;

(b) X-rays. 15. Primary epitheliomatous cancer of the skin.

16. Toxic anaemia. 17. Toxic jaundice due to poisonous substances. [18. Oil acne or dermatitis due to mineral oils and compounds containing mineral oil base. 19. Byssionosis. 20. Asbestosis. 21. Occupational or contact dermatitis caused by direct contract with chemicals and paints. These are of two types, that is, primary irritants and allergie sensitizers. 22. Noise induced hearing loss (exposure to high noise levels).] [23. Beriyllium poisoning. 24. Carbon monoxide. 25. Coal miners’ pnoumoconiosis. 26. Phosgene poisoning. 27. Occupational cancer. 28. Isocyanates poisoning. 29. Taxic nephritis.]

Source: India Code (Legislative Department), the text of the Act as it stood before its repeal. Words in square brackets [ ] were inserted or substituted by later amending Acts, and *** marks words omitted by an amendment. The amendment footnotes are not reproduced here. Official text on India Code.

Supreme Court judgments citing the section 120

No Supreme Court judgment in our database cites this section yet.