Indian Penal Code, 1860 · Chapter XV: Of Offences Relating to Religion
Section 298: Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound the religious feelings
The Indian Penal Code, 1860 was repealed and replaced by the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 from 1 July 2024. It still applies to offences and proceedings from before that date.
In plain words
Uttering a word or sound in a person's hearing, or making a gesture or placing an object in their sight, with the deliberate intention of wounding their religious feelings, is punishable with imprisonment of either description for up to one year, or fine, or both.
A simplified explanation, prepared with AI assistance from the official text below and checked automatically against it for numbers and cross-references. The official text is the law and prevails over this summary. Not legal advice.
Official text
Whoever, with the deliberate intention of wounding the religious feelings of any person, utters any word or makes any sound in the hearing of that person or makes any gesture in the sight of that person or places any object in the sight of that person, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine, or with both.
Corresponding sections were matched by comparing the wording of both official texts, and for the IPC and BNS, also against a published correspondence table. Wording, punishments and structure often changed, so read both sections before relying on the match.
Source: India Code (Legislative Department), the text of the Act as it stood before its repeal. Words in square brackets [ ] were inserted or substituted by later amending Acts, and *** marks words omitted by an amendment. The amendment footnotes are not reproduced here.
Supreme Court judgments citing the section 298
- Mohammed Zubair v. State of NCT of Delhi & Ors
- Arnab Manoranjan Goswami v. The State of Maharashtra & Ors.
- Arnab Ranjan Goswami v. Union of India and Ors.
- Kodungallur Film Society & Anr. v. Union of India & Ors.
- Pravasi Bhalai Sangathan v. Union of India & Ors.
- Fiona Shrikhande v. State of Maharashtra and Another
- Dr. M. Ismail Faruqui Etc. v. Union of India and Ors.